Science Vocabulary for Wedensday's Quiz

Here are the words and definitions you will need to know:

• Seismologist - A scientist that studies earthquakes
• Seismograph - A machine or instrument that records and measures the strength of earthquakes
• Seismic Waves - Waves of energy that travel through earth's layers as a result of earthquakes
• Earthquake - a shaking or other movement of part of the earth's surface. It is caused by movement deep within the earth. 
• Bedrock - The solid layer of rock in the earth's surface, found beneath soil, and, or gravel
• Primary Waves - Smaller waves that travel through solid, liquid and gas and warn that an earthquake is coming
• Secondary Waves - Medium sized waves that only travel through solids
• Surface Waves - Largest and most destructive waves, travel on the surface
• Richter Scale - Scale from 1-10 that measures the magnitude of an earthquake
• Magnitude - Size or strength of the earthquake
• Focus - Point underneath the earth's surface where the earthquake begins
• Epicentre - Point on the earth's surface where the earthquake is felt most intensely
• Plate Tectonics - Theory of how the plates move (rock lithosphere on gooey magma asthenosphere)
• Continental Drift - A historical theory where Alfred Wegener explained that the continents were once all together as the supercontinent of Pangaea. He used fossil evidence as well as the shape of continents to prove this theory.
• Plate Boundaries - Place where two tectonic plates are interacting 
• Divergent Boundary - Two plates moving apart - creates volcanoes and the mid-oceanic ridge
• Convergent Boundary - Two plates coming together



• continent-continent convergent boundaries create mountains
• continent-ocean convergent boundaries - the oceanic plate subducts under the continental plate
• Transform Boundary - Two plates moving in opposite directions, often causes earthquakes
• Subduction - Movement of the oceanic plate sideways and downwards into the mantle beneath a neighboring plate
• Lithosphere - The outside rock layer of the earth made of the Crust and Upper Mantle
• Asthenosphere - A part of the Mantle right below the Lithosphere on which the lithosphere moves

Definitions from: https://kids.wordsmyth.net/we/